In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ntb_netdev: Use dev_kfree_skb_any() in interrupt context
TX/RX callback handlers (ntb_netdev_tx_handler(),
ntb_netdev_rx_handler()) can be called in interrupt
context via the DMA framework when the respective
DMA operations have completed. As such, any calls
by these routines to free skb's, should use the
interrupt context safe dev_kfree_skb_any() function.
Previously, these callback handlers would call the
interrupt unsafe version of dev_kfree_skb(). This has
not presented an issue on Intel IOAT DMA engines as
that driver utilizes tasklets rather than a hard
interrupt handler, like the AMD PTDMA DMA driver.
On AMD systems, a kernel WARNING message is
encountered, which is being issued from
skb_release_head_state() due to in_hardirq()
being true.
Besides the user visible WARNING from the kernel,
the other symptom of this bug was that TCP/IP performance
across the ntb_netdev interface was very poor, i.e.
approximately an order of magnitude below what was
expected. With the repair to use dev_kfree_skb_any(),
kernel WARNINGs from skb_release_head_state() ceased
and TCP/IP performance, as measured by iperf, was on
par with expected results, approximately 20 Gb/s on
AMD Milan based server. Note that this performance
is comparable with Intel based servers.
ntb_netdev: Use dev_kfree_skb_any() in interrupt context
TX/RX callback handlers (ntb_netdev_tx_handler(),
ntb_netdev_rx_handler()) can be called in interrupt
context via the DMA framework when the respective
DMA operations have completed. As such, any calls
by these routines to free skb's, should use the
interrupt context safe dev_kfree_skb_any() function.
Previously, these callback handlers would call the
interrupt unsafe version of dev_kfree_skb(). This has
not presented an issue on Intel IOAT DMA engines as
that driver utilizes tasklets rather than a hard
interrupt handler, like the AMD PTDMA DMA driver.
On AMD systems, a kernel WARNING message is
encountered, which is being issued from
skb_release_head_state() due to in_hardirq()
being true.
Besides the user visible WARNING from the kernel,
the other symptom of this bug was that TCP/IP performance
across the ntb_netdev interface was very poor, i.e.
approximately an order of magnitude below what was
expected. With the repair to use dev_kfree_skb_any(),
kernel WARNINGs from skb_release_head_state() ceased
and TCP/IP performance, as measured by iperf, was on
par with expected results, approximately 20 Gb/s on
AMD Milan based server. Note that this performance
is comparable with Intel based servers.
Metrics
Affected Vendors & Products
Configuration 1 [-]
|
No data.
OpenCVE Enrichment is a feature of OpenCVE that uses AI to automatically link vendors and products to CVEs. Learn more on GitHub.
| Vendors | Products |
|---|---|
|
Linux
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|
Linux Kernel
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Advisories
| Source | ID | Title |
|---|---|---|
 EUVD |
EUVD-2022-55678 | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ntb_netdev: Use dev_kfree_skb_any() in interrupt context TX/RX callback handlers (ntb_netdev_tx_handler(), ntb_netdev_rx_handler()) can be called in interrupt context via the DMA framework when the respective DMA operations have completed. As such, any calls by these routines to free skb's, should use the interrupt context safe dev_kfree_skb_any() function. Previously, these callback handlers would call the interrupt unsafe version of dev_kfree_skb(). This has not presented an issue on Intel IOAT DMA engines as that driver utilizes tasklets rather than a hard interrupt handler, like the AMD PTDMA DMA driver. On AMD systems, a kernel WARNING message is encountered, which is being issued from skb_release_head_state() due to in_hardirq() being true. Besides the user visible WARNING from the kernel, the other symptom of this bug was that TCP/IP performance across the ntb_netdev interface was very poor, i.e. approximately an order of magnitude below what was expected. With the repair to use dev_kfree_skb_any(), kernel WARNINGs from skb_release_head_state() ceased and TCP/IP performance, as measured by iperf, was on par with expected results, approximately 20 Gb/s on AMD Milan based server. Note that this performance is comparable with Intel based servers. |
Fixes
Solution
No solution given by the vendor.
Workaround
No workaround given by the vendor.
References
History
Sat, 24 Jan 2026 01:45:00 +0900
| Type | Values Removed | Values Added |
|---|---|---|
| Weaknesses | CWE-401 | |
| CPEs | cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* | |
| Metrics |
cvssV3_1
|
cvssV3_1
|
Tue, 07 Oct 2025 07:45:00 +0900
| Type | Values Removed | Values Added |
|---|---|---|
| References |
| |
| Metrics |
threat_severity
|
cvssV3_1
|
Mon, 06 Oct 2025 23:45:00 +0900
| Type | Values Removed | Values Added |
|---|---|---|
| First Time appeared |
Linux
Linux linux Kernel |
|
| Vendors & Products |
Linux
Linux linux Kernel |
Sun, 05 Oct 2025 00:30:00 +0900
| Type | Values Removed | Values Added |
|---|---|---|
| Description | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ntb_netdev: Use dev_kfree_skb_any() in interrupt context TX/RX callback handlers (ntb_netdev_tx_handler(), ntb_netdev_rx_handler()) can be called in interrupt context via the DMA framework when the respective DMA operations have completed. As such, any calls by these routines to free skb's, should use the interrupt context safe dev_kfree_skb_any() function. Previously, these callback handlers would call the interrupt unsafe version of dev_kfree_skb(). This has not presented an issue on Intel IOAT DMA engines as that driver utilizes tasklets rather than a hard interrupt handler, like the AMD PTDMA DMA driver. On AMD systems, a kernel WARNING message is encountered, which is being issued from skb_release_head_state() due to in_hardirq() being true. Besides the user visible WARNING from the kernel, the other symptom of this bug was that TCP/IP performance across the ntb_netdev interface was very poor, i.e. approximately an order of magnitude below what was expected. With the repair to use dev_kfree_skb_any(), kernel WARNINGs from skb_release_head_state() ceased and TCP/IP performance, as measured by iperf, was on par with expected results, approximately 20 Gb/s on AMD Milan based server. Note that this performance is comparable with Intel based servers. | |
| Title | ntb_netdev: Use dev_kfree_skb_any() in interrupt context | |
| References |
|
|
Projects
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MITRE
Status: PUBLISHED
Assigner: Linux
Published:
Updated: 2025-10-04T15:16:36.895Z
Reserved: 2025-10-04T15:13:33.467Z
Link: CVE-2022-50476
Vulnrichment
No data.
NVD
Status : Analyzed
Published: 2025-10-04T16:15:44.177
Modified: 2026-01-23T16:35:23.300
Link: CVE-2022-50476
Redhat
OpenCVE Enrichment
Updated: 2025-10-06T23:41:15Z
Weaknesses