{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-23988", "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M", "dateReserved": "2026-01-19T18:49:20.657Z", "datePublished": "2026-01-22T21:52:26.925Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-01-22T21:52:26.925Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"title": "Rufus has Local Privilege Escalation via TOCTOU Race Condition in Fido Script Handling", "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-367", "lang": "en", "description": "CWE-367: Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition", "type": "CWE"}]}], "metrics": [{"cvssV3_1": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.3, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}}], "references": [{"name": "https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/security/advisories/GHSA-hcx5-hrhj-xhq9", "tags": ["x_refsource_CONFIRM"], "url": "https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/security/advisories/GHSA-hcx5-hrhj-xhq9"}, {"name": "https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/commit/460cc5768aa45be07941b9e4ebc9bee02d282873", "tags": ["x_refsource_MISC"], "url": "https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/commit/460cc5768aa45be07941b9e4ebc9bee02d282873"}, {"name": "https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/releases/tag/v4.12_BETA", "tags": ["x_refsource_MISC"], "url": "https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/releases/tag/v4.12_BETA"}], "affected": [{"vendor": "pbatard", "product": "rufus", "versions": [{"version": "< 4.12_BETA", "status": "affected"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa", "shortName": "GitHub_M", "dateUpdated": "2026-01-22T21:52:26.925Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Rufus is a utility that helps format and create bootable USB flash drives. Versions 4.11 and below contain a race condition (TOCTOU) in src/net.c during the creation, validation, and execution of the Fido PowerShell script. Since Rufus runs with elevated privileges (Administrator) but writes the script to the %TEMP% directory (writeable by standard users) without locking the file, a local attacker can replace the legitimate script with a malicious one between the file write operation and the execution step. This allows arbitrary code execution with Administrator privileges. This issue has been fixed in version 4.12_BETA."}], "source": {"advisory": "GHSA-hcx5-hrhj-xhq9", "discovery": "UNKNOWN"}}}}

{}

{"cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Rufus is a utility that helps format and create bootable USB flash drives. Versions 4.11 and below contain a race condition (TOCTOU) in src/net.c during the creation, validation, and execution of the Fido PowerShell script. Since Rufus runs with elevated privileges (Administrator) but writes the script to the %TEMP% directory (writeable by standard users) without locking the file, a local attacker can replace the legitimate script with a malicious one between the file write operation and the execution step. This allows arbitrary code execution with Administrator privileges. This issue has been fixed in version 4.12_BETA."}], "id": "CVE-2026-23988", "lastModified": "2026-01-22T22:16:21.193", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.3, "baseSeverity": "HIGH", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.3, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Secondary"}]}, "published": "2026-01-22T22:16:21.193", "references": [{"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/commit/460cc5768aa45be07941b9e4ebc9bee02d282873"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/releases/tag/v4.12_BETA"}, {"source": "security-advisories@github.com", "url": "https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/security/advisories/GHSA-hcx5-hrhj-xhq9"}], "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com", "vulnStatus": "Received", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-367"}], "source": "security-advisories@github.com", "type": "Primary"}]}

{}

{}